How to Cool an Older Home

Introduction

Cooling an older home presents both technical and energy challenges. These houses often have a structure that complicates the integration of modern systems, due to thick walls, inadequate insulation, or heritage preservation constraints. However, with proper planning and adapted solutions, it is entirely possible to improve the thermal comfort of an older home while preserving its architectural charm.

This guide outlines the essential steps to follow, from the energy audit to choosing the right system, along with the financial assistance options available in Quebec.

The Importance of Conducting an Energy Audit Before Installation

What is an Energy Audit?

An energy audit is an in-depth assessment of a building’s thermal performance. It identifies heat loss sources and provides concrete recommendations to improve energy efficiency. For older homes, the audit reveals whether preliminary work is required before installing air conditioning.

Why is It Crucial for Older Homes?

Older homes often have single-pane windows, uninsulated walls, and outdated ventilation systems. The energy audit helps diagnose problem areas and establish intervention priorities. The result is a better return on investment for the air conditioning system, avoiding unnecessary electricity consumption.

How Does the Audit Detect Heat Loss?

Using tools such as infrared thermography and blower door testing, the auditor can detect weaknesses in the building envelope (roof, walls, floor, windows). This analysis guides the selection of the appropriate air conditioning system and highlights the most profitable insulation upgrades to complete beforehand.

Financial Incentives for Cooling System Upgrades

The LogisVert Program

In Quebec, the LogisVert program offers grants for the installation of high-efficiency thermal systems, including wall-mounted heat pumps. This assistance encourages homeowners to adopt energy-saving technologies while improving their indoor comfort.

Eligibility Criteria

To qualify for the LogisVert program, the air conditioning system (such as a wall-mounted heat pump) must be certified and installed by a licensed contractor. The home must also meet certain energy efficiency standards (e.g., minimum insulation level). These requirements ensure that the investment supports long-term performance.

Relevance for Older Homes

Older, energy-hungry homes are excellent candidates for this type of financial assistance, provided they meet the eligibility criteria. This can make investing in a heat pump significantly more affordable.

Choosing the Right Air Conditioning System

What Types of Systems Are Suitable for Older Homes?

The choice will depend on the building layout and your comfort expectations.

Pros and Cons of a Monoblock Air Conditioner

The monoblock air conditioner is a temporary or single-room solution, often used in heritage homes when no structural changes are permitted. However, its limited power and noise make it unsuitable for prolonged or multi-room use.

Pros and Cons of a Multisplit System

The multisplit system offers a strong balance between performance and flexibility. It cools multiple zones without visible ductwork. It’s a preferred option in renovated older homes where minimizing visual impact is important while maintaining comfort in different rooms.

Pros and Cons of a Ducted System

Ducted systems are highly valued for their invisibility. However, they require more extensive work (false ceilings, attic ducts). They are ideal for larger homes that already have a technical space or layout that allows for discreet integration.

Optimizing Energy Efficiency

How Thermal Insulation Affects Air Conditioning Performance

Proper insulation prevents cool air loss in summer and reduces air conditioning needs. It’s one of the most effective ways to control energy consumption. Older homes, often highly air-permeable, require special attention in this area.

Signs of Poor Insulation

If you notice large temperature differences between rooms, warm walls in summer, or an air conditioner that runs continuously without results, your insulation is likely insufficient.

Recommended Insulation Upgrades

• Attic insulation: Heat often escapes through the roof.

• Window replacement: Upgrade to double or triple glazing.

• Interior wall insulation: A reversible option if the exterior is heritage-protected.

Other Relevant Solutions for Older Homes

What Is Reversible Air Conditioning?

Reversible heat pumps (cooling/heating) allow you to regulate temperature year-round. They are especially effective in Quebec, as they replace energy-hungry electric systems while delivering welcome cooling in summer.

Air-to-Air Heat Pump: A High-Performance Option

The air-to-air heat pump is easy to install and well-suited to existing buildings. It works even in very low outdoor temperatures, making it compatible with Quebec’s winters. It’s an ideal solution for older homes in need of an economical, long-lasting system.

Reducing Visual Impact

In heritage homes, indoor units can be hidden behind decorative grilles or integrated into furniture. Outdoors, some compact or neutral-toned wall units blend more seamlessly with the façade.

Technical Feasibility Study

Challenges With Older Walls

Stone or brick walls, often very thick, make routing ducts or cables more difficult. A technical study helps identify possible penetration points without compromising the building’s structural integrity.

Upgrading Electrical Systems

Before installing a heat pump, it’s crucial to ensure your electrical panel can handle the extra load. This avoids overloads and ensures safe operation.

Why a Thermal Study Is Essential

It helps determine the exact required power, identify key areas to treat, and avoid system oversizing, which would lead to inefficiencies and higher energy use.

Planning and Maintaining the Air Conditioning System

Strategic Unit Placement

A wall unit should never blow air directly onto an occupied area (bed, reading nook, etc.). Its location should also encourage natural air circulation. In an older home with an irregular layout, this requires careful planning.

Frequency and Nature of Maintenance

An annual maintenance check by a professional is recommended. This includes cleaning filters, checking refrigerant levels, and inspecting ducts. In urban areas or homes with pets, more frequent filter cleaning may be needed.

Avoiding Costly Mistakes

Installing an oversized or poorly matched system is a common mistake. Likewise, neglecting maintenance leads to inefficiencies or premature breakdowns. Careful planning ensures the investment is worthwhile.

Conclusion: Successfully Cooling an Older Home

Cooling an older home is entirely achievable, with a methodical approach. By conducting an energy audit, choosing an appropriate heat pump, optimizing insulation, and complying with installation standards, you can achieve a high-performing, long-lasting, and discreet result.

Daikin experts can support you in selecting and installing a high-performance wall-mounted cooling system that respects the architectural style of your home and meets current energy efficiency standards. Trust their expertise to ensure your project’s success.

Summary Table